Zafer AMI et al (2024) A systematic review evaluating the efficacy of treadmill training in geriatric care as an intervention for improving balance and reducing fall risks in elderly population

This systematic review examines the effectiveness of treadmill training in improving balance and reducing fall risks in elderly populations. It synthesizes findings from 16 studies, ranging from randomized controlled trials to observational studies, assessing various treadmill protocols, including perturbation-based balance training, dual-task training, and virtual reality-enhanced sessions.

The review highlights that treadmill training significantly improves postural stability, gait parameters, and overall mobility. Perturbation-based treadmill training was particularly effective in reducing fall rates among community-dwelling older adults. Dual-task treadmill exercises, combining cognitive and motor tasks, showed notable benefits in balance and cognitive functions. Studies also emphasized the role of virtual reality and underwater treadmills in diversifying therapeutic options.

While the review underscores the potential of treadmill interventions in geriatric care, it also identifies challenges, such as sensory conflicts and the need for standardized protocols. Future research should focus on long-term outcomes, optimal training intensities, and the scalability of these interventions.